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NITED STATES PATENT rines.

SAMUEL H. HARTMAN, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR PUNCHING LINCHPIN-HOLES AND CUTTING OF THE JOURNALS 0F AXLES FOR WAGONS, &c.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 36,298, dated August 26, 1862.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, SAMUEL H. HARTMAN, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Cutting Oft' and Punching the Linchpin-Holes in the Journals of Vagon and other Similar Axles; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in Whichl Figure 1 represents an elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 represents a vertical section through the same. Fig. 3 represents a transverse section through the gripping-jaws and cutter.

Similar letters of reference,where they occur inthe separate gures, denote like parts of the machine in all cases.

In the building of wagons or carriages it is important that the journals of the axles (whatever the size maybe that are being constructed for the timebeing) should be ofuniform length, and that thc linchpin-holes should be at a uniform distance from the shoulder, so that the wheels which are made for such sized journals Will perfectly fit any of them without their requiring retting when -the Wagon or carriage is being put together, and as the linchpin-hole comes very near to the end of thejournal the metal should be tightly grasped or gripped while the hole is being punched to prevent it from spreading out of shape or fracturing. To accomplish this is the purpose and object of my invention; and my invention consists in cutting offand punching thelinchpin-holes in thejonrnals of wagon and other similar axles at uniform distances from the shoulders of said journals, the punching being done while thejournal is tightly gripped and held to prevent the punch or punches from spreading or cracking the metal, and the whole operation of gaging, cutting off, gripping, and punching following each other in such rapid succession as to make them practically one operation.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings.

A A represent two side pieces, which, to-

gether with the cross-pieces B and base C,

make a frame for supporting the mechanism,

In this frame is a shaft, D, to which motion is communicated by any known power, and which, through a pinion, E, gives motion to the cog-wheel F on a shaft, G, and the cog- Wheel F gives motion to the cog-wheels H I on the shafts J K, respectively, and in the direction shown by the arrows on each.

On the end of the shaft G there is a cam, L, that Works in a yoke, M, raising up and bringing down said yoke in its ways or guides N. To the end of this yoke there is fastened a gripping-jaw, O, which has a concave face, a, to fit over and around the part of the journal that is to be punched for the linchpin or key, and openings c through which the punch or punches can pass, and a cutter, b, for cutting off the journal to the gaged length. Below this movable gripping and cutting jaw there is a stationary gripping-jaw, P, that acts in concert with the movable one. This lower jaw, P, has also a concave face, so as to receive and hold the lower or under part of the journal, as shown at e, and has also proper openings for the punches to work through.

Q R are two punch-stocks that can move in the Ways or guides S, and carry, respectively, the punches f g, and are held against their cams T U by means of springs h. The cam T has 'less throw (i) than the cam U has, so that the punchf will not move so far as the punch g does, and the punch fmay be shorter than the punch g, because it need not pass clear through the journal, as the one g does. The two punches move toward each other until they arrive at or near the center of the j our-v nal, and then the punch f rccedes, followed by the punch g until the latter has passed through thejournal after thclnanner of punching nuts, Washers, 85e.

The operation is as follows: The journal having been marked or gaged at the point Where the excess of metal is to be cutoff, (and the gage may be connected to the shoulder of the journal,) the journal is supported in the gripping die, block, or jaw P, the other gripping jaw or die O descends, and its cutter b takes off the excess of metal on the journal. Ther two gripping-tools O P remain momentv arily at rest, firmly holding the journal, and punching the lnchpin-holes inthe journals of the two punches f g advance and punch out wagon and other similar axles, the mechanism the hole for the linchpin. This done the movbeing constructed and operating substantially able jaw rises and the operation is complete. as herein described.

Having thus fully described the nature and object of -myinvention, what I claim is- The combination of the clamps, the cutter, and the punchesfor holding, cutting off, and

S'. H. HARTMAN.v

Witnessesz e A. B. SToUGHToN, H; W. PRICE. 

